NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 4 Forest society and Colonialism
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 4 Forest society and Colonialism Question-1 Discuss how the changes in forest management in the colonial period affected the following groups of people: (a) Shifting cultivators (b) Nomadic and pastoralist communities (c) Firms trading in timber/forest produce (d) Plantation owners (e) Kings/British officials engaged in a shikar. Solution: (a) Shifting Cultivators Shifting cultivation was a traditional agricultural practice in many parts of Asia, Africa, and South America. Parts of the forest are cut and burnt in rotation. After the first monsoon rains, seeds are sown in the ashes, and crops are cultivated. Cultivation is continued for a couple of years. Then the forest is allowed to grow in the area for 12 to 18 years. Then they are cut and burnt once more. This rotation is called Shifting cultivation. The Colonial government banned Shifting cultivation, as European foresters felt that this would harm the forests and valuable ...